Gluconeogenesis | 1-Internet-Courses Online

This course is part of a series taught by Kevin Ahern at Oregon State University on General Biochemistry. For more information about online courses go to ecampus.oregonstate.edu 1. Glycerol is a breakdown product of fat metabolism. Glycerol can be metabolized in glycolysis by conversion to glycerol-3-phosphate and then to DHAP, a glycolytic intermediate. 2. Gluconeogenesis accomplishes the reverse of glycolysis ? synthesis of glucose from pyruvate using four different enzymes to replace three energetically unfavorable reactions in glycolysis. 3. Gluconeogenesis does not occur in all tissues of the body. The primary gluconeogenic organs of the body are the liver and part of the kidney. 4. The enzymes unique to gluconeogenesis Pyruvate Carboxylase and PEP carboxykinase (PEPCK) instead of Pyruvate Kinase of glycolysis, Fructose 1,6 Bisphosphatase (F1,6BPase) instead of Phosphofructokinase (PFK) from glycolysis, and Glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) instead of Hexokinase from glycolysis. 5. F1,6BPase and G6Pase act by similar mechanisms, clipping a phosphate from their substrates and thus avoiding synthesis of ATP, which is what would be required if the glycolysis reactions were simply reversed. 6. One reaction of gluconeogenesis occurs in the mitochondrion. It is catalyzed by pyruvate carboxylase and yields the four carbon intermediate, oxaloacetate. The carboxyl group is added in forming oxaloacetate thanks to the coenzyme biotin, which carries carbon dioxide for attachment ?

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